The other theory was that the universe was created in its present form.
Neither of these theories turn out to be right. It was only in the early 1900’s when Albert Einstein came up with his General Theory of Relativity that proved that the universe had a beginning.
Although at that time, many scientists found it exceedingly difficult to accept this fact, that the universe had a beginning, almost all cosmologists and astrophysicists now regard it as an undeniable fact that the universe did have a beginning.
After Edwin Hubble discovered in 1929 that the distances to far away galaxies were generally proportional to their redshifts, as suggested by Lemaître in 1927, this observation was taken to indicate that all very distant galaxies and clusters have an apparent velocity directly away from our vantage point: the farther away, the higher the apparent velocity.[7] If the distance between galaxy clusters is increasing today, everything must have been closer together in the past. This idea has been considered in detail back in time to extreme densities and temperatures,[8][9][10] and large particle accelerators have been built to experiment on and test such conditions, resulting in significant confirmation of the theory, but these accelerators have limited capabilities to probe into such high energy regimes. The theory is the most comprehensive and accurate explanation supported by scientific evidence and observations
The Universe had a beginning
In less that half a century, man’s view of the universe, formed over millennia, has been transformed. Hubble’s discovery that the universe was expanding, and the realization of the insignificance of our own planet in the vastness of the universe, were just the starting point. As experimental and theoretical evidence mounted, it became more and more clear that the universe must have had a beginning in time, until in 1970 this was finally proved by Penrose and myself, on the basis of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. That proof showed that general relativity in only an incomplete theory: it cannot tell us how the universe started off, because it predicts that all physical theories, including itself, break down at the beginning of the universe. However, general relativity claims to be only a partial theory, so what the singularity theorems really show is that there must have been a time in the very early universe when the universe was so small, that one could no longer ignore the small-scale effects of the other great partial theory of the twentieth century, quantum mechanics. At the start of the 1970s, then, we were forced to turn our search for an understanding of the universe from our theory of the extraordinarily vast to our theory of the extraordinary tiny. That theory, quantum mechanics, will be described next, before we turn to the efforts to combine the two partial theories into a single quantum theory of gravity.
Stephen Hawking, A Brief History of Time, pg 54-55
ARE, THEN, those who disbelieve not aware that the heavens and the earth were [once] one single entity,
which We then parted asunder?
– and [that] We made out of liquid every living thing?
Will they not, then, believe?
AL QURAN 21:30
“AND IT IS We who have built the universe with our power;
and indeed, it is We who are steadily expanding it.”
AL QURAN 51:47
Surah 12. Yusuf (Joseph)
In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful. 1. A.L.R. These are the symbols (or Verses) of the perspicuous Book. 2. We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an, in order that you may learn wisdom. 3. We do relate unto you the most beautiful of stories, in that We inspire you with this Qur'an: before this, you too were among those who knew it not. 4. Behold! Joseph said to his father: "O my father! I did see eleven planets and the sun and the moon: I saw them prostrate themselves to me!" 5. Said (the father): "My (dear) little son! relate not your vision to your brothers, lest they concoct a plot against you: for Satan is to man an avowed enemy! 6. "Thus will your Lord choose you and teach you the interpretation of sayings and perfect His favour to you and to the posterity of Jacob - even as He perfected it to thy fathers Abraham and Isaac aforetime. verily your Lord is full of knowledge and wisdom." 7. Verily in Joseph and his brethren are signs for those who seek (knowledge). |
Now there is an issue if you attempt to explain it away with merely physical factors.
Namely, Newton's law of motion:
First law:
Every body remains in a state of rest or uniform motion (constant velocity)
unless it is acted upon by an external unbalanced force.
This means that in the absence of a non-zero net force, the center of mass of a body
either remains at rest,
or moves at a constant speed in a straight line.
so in other words,
1.
If the planets are moving away from their suns, and galaxies are moving away from each other, they must have been one dense mass at some point in time,
this still doesn't explain their origin
as, in physics - something cannot come from nothing.
2.
If as the data shows, they came from one dense mass and were split asunder by some force, according to the law of motion they would each move in a straight line outwards and in different directions.
The planets ORBIT their suns, this is not constant with the established laws of motion if they split apart from one dense mass, unless there is an Eternal, All Powerful and Self Aware Being Who is not governed by the laws of established physics, who created and is directing this phenomenon. Can you otherwise reconcile the three?
one dense mass
the law of motion - stationary/straight line velocity
circular orbits of the planets around each sun?
190. Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth,
and the alternation of night and day,
- there are indeed Signs for those who posses understanding,-
191. Those who celebrate the praises of Almighty God,
standing, sitting, and lying down on their sides,
and contemplate the (wonders of) creation in the heavens and the earth,
"Our Lord! not for nothing have You created this!
Glory to You!
Give us salvation from the penalty of the Fire.
192. "Our Lord! any whom You admit to the Fire,
Truly You have disgraced, and for the wrong-doers there are no helpers!
193. "Our Lord! we have heard the call of one calling to Faith,
'Believe in your Lord,' and we have believed.
Our Lord! Forgive us our sins, blot out from us our wrongs,
and take to Yourself our souls in the company of the righteous.
194. "Our Lord! Grant us what You promised us through Your Messengers,
and disgrace us not on the Day of Judgment:
For verily You never break Your Promise."
195. And their Lord hath accepted of them, and answered them:
"Never will I suffer to be lost the work of any of you, male or female:
Ye are one from another:
Those who have left their homes, or been driven out therefrom,
or suffered harm in My Cause, or fought or been slain,
I will blot out from them their wrongs,
and admit them into Gardens with rivers flowing beneath;
A reward from the presence of Almighty God,
and Almighty God, from His presence is the best of rewards."
196. Be not deceived by the strutting about of the Disbelievers through the land:
197. Little is it for enjoyment: Their ultimate abode is Hell:
and what an evil place of rest!
198. On the other hand, for those who fear their Lord, are Gardens, with rivers flowing beneath; therein are they to dwell (for eternity),
- a gift from the presence of Almighty God.
and that which is in the presence of Almighty God is best for the righteous.
AL QURAN 3:190-198
Disc Around Baby Star July 14: An artist's impression of a dusty disc closely encircling a massive baby star. Astronomers have been able to obtain the first image of such a disc, providing direct evidence that massive stars do form in the same way as their smaller brethren, closing an enduring debate. The flared disc extends to about 130 times the Earth–Sun distance and has a mass similar to that of the star, roughly twenty times the Sun.
Black Hole Blows Big Bubble
July 7: This composite image shows a powerful microquasar containing a black hole in the outskirts of the nearby (12.7 million light years) galaxy NGC 7793. Gas swirling toward the black hole forms a disk around it. Twisted magnetic fields in the disk generate strong electromagnetic forces that propel some of the gas away from the disk at high speeds in two jets, creating a huge bubble of hot gas about 1,000 light years across.
Celestial Fireworks
July 6: Like a July 4 fireworks display, a young, glittering collection of stars looks like an aerial burst. The cluster is surrounded by clouds of interstellar gas and dust -- the raw material for new star formation. The nebula, located 20,000 light-years away in the constellation Carina, contains a central cluster of huge, hot stars, called NGC 3603. This environment is not as peaceful as it looks. Ultraviolet radiation and violent stellar winds have blown out an enormous cavity in the gas and dust enveloping the cluster, providing an unobstructed view of the cluster.
Bright Lights, Green City
July 28: Two extremely bright stars illuminate a greenish mist in this and other images from the new GLIMPSE360 survey. This fog is comprised of hydrogen and carbon compounds called polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are found right here on Earth in sooty vehicle exhaust and on charred grills. In space, PAHs form in the dark clouds that give rise to stars.
Space Balls
July 22: NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has at last found buckyballs in space, as illustrated by this artist's conception showing the carbon balls coming out from the type of object where they were discovered -- a dying star and the material it sheds, known as a planetary nebula.
Solar Eclipse
July 11: The new moon passes directly in front of the sun, causing a total solar eclipse in the South Pacific. In this image, the solar eclipse is shown in gray and white from a photo provided by the Williams College Expedition to Easter Island -- embedded with an image of the sun’s outer corona taken by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) on the SOHO spacecraft.
Brilliant Star, Colorful Neighborhood
July 28: A spectacular image from the Wide Field Imager at the La Silla Observatory in Chile shows the brilliant and unusual star WR 22 and its colorful surroundings. WR 22 is a very hot and bright star that is shedding its atmosphere into space at a rate many millions of times faster than the Sun. It lies in the outer part of the dramatic Carina Nebula from which it formed
Watching a Planet Move
June 10: For the first time, astronomers have been able to directly follow the motion of an exoplanet as it moves from one side of its host star to the other. The planet has the smallest orbit so far of all directly imaged exoplanets, lying almost as close to its parent star as Saturn is to the Sun. Scientists believe that it may have formed in a similar way to the giant planets in the Solar System.
Lightning on Venus
Was arid Venus once a waterworld? The European Space Agency's Venus Express probe has uncovered evidence that it may once have been hospitable.
Sun Surges in Space
June 30: Proba-2 is a small but innovative spacecraft crammed with experimental technologies. In its first eight months of life it has already returned more than 90,000 images of the sun. Less than a cubic meter in volume, Proba-2 carries a new generation of miniaturized science instruments. Here, a still from a video it captured showing flares racing away from the sun.
Superstorm on Exoplanet
June 23: Astronomers have measured a superstorm for the first time in the atmosphere of an exoplanet, the well-studied “hot Jupiter” HD209458b. The very high-precision observations of carbon monoxide gas show that it is streaming at enormous speed from the extremely hot day side to the cooler night side of the planet. The observations also allow another exciting “first” — measuring the orbital speed of the exoplanet itself, providing a direct determination of its mass.
A Cosmic Watercolor
June 30: A magnificent view of the region around the star R Coronae Australis, which lies at the heart of a nearby star-forming region and is surrounded by a delicate bluish reflection nebula embedded in a huge dust cloud. The image reveals surprising new details in this dramatic area of sky.
Stellar Shrapnel
May 24: NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory reveals evidence for a bullet-shaped object being blown out of debris field left over from an exploded star. In order to detect this bullet, researchers observed N49 for more than 30 hours. Using the new Chandra data, the age of N49 -- as it appears in the image -- is thought to be about 5,000 years and the energy of the explosion is estimated to be about twice that of an average supernova.
Michibiki, Japan's Urban GPS
June 9: Getting accurate GPS info is often difficult in large cities, thanks to skyscrapers in urban areas. That's why the Japanese space agency is launching the Quasi-Zenith Satellite "Michibiki," which can observe Japan from almost its zenith for a long time. Combined with the existing GPS, the QZS system can provide a high accuracy positioning service even in urban canyons or mountainous terrain.
Ice Lurks in Asteroids
April 28: Scientists using a NASA telescope have detected water-ice and carbon-based organic compounds on the surface of an asteroid. The cold hard facts of the discovery of the frosty mixture on one of the asteroid belt's largest occupants suggests that some asteroids, along with their celestial brethren, comets, were the water carriers for a primordial Earth.
The Cat's Paw Nebula
April 21: The Cat’s Paw Nebula, NGC 6334, is a huge stellar nursery, the birthplace of hundreds of massive stars. In a magnificent new ESO image taken with the Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) at the Paranal Observatory in Chile, the glowing gas and dust clouds obscuring the view are penetrated by infrared light and some of the Cat’s hidden young stars are revealed.
Close-Up of Distant Star Factory
March 21: For the first time, astronomers have made direct measurements of the size and brightness of regions of star-birth in a very distant galaxy, thanks to a chance discovery with the APEX telescope. The galaxy is so distant, and its light has taken so long to reach us, that we see it as it was 10 billion years ago.
62. Behold! verily on the friends of Allah there is no fear, nor shall they grieve;
63. Those who believe and (constantly) guard against evil;-
64. For them are glad tidings, in the life of the present and in the Hereafter; no change can there be in the words of Allah. This is indeed the supreme felicity.
65. Let not their speech grieve thee: for all power and honour belong to Allah. It is He Who heareth and knoweth (all things).
66. Behold! verily to Allah belong all creatures, in the heavens and on earth. What do they follow who worship as His "partners" other than Allah. They follow nothing but fancy, and they do nothing but lie.
67. He it is That hath made you the night that ye may rest therein, and the day to make things visible. Verily in this are signs for those who listen.
Al Quran 10:62-67
75. Noah cried to Us, and We are the best to hear prayer.
76. And We delivered him and his people from the Great Calamity,
77. And made his progeny to endure (on this earth);
78. And We left (this blessing) for him among generations to come in later times:
79. "Peace and salutation to Noah among the nations!"
80. Thus indeed do we reward those who do right.
81. For he was one of our believing Servants.
82. Then the rest we overwhelmed in the Flood.
83. Verily among those who followed his Way was Abraham.
84. Behold! he approached his Lord with a sound heart.
85. Behold! he said to his father and to his people, "What is that which ye worship?
86. "Is it a falsehood- gods other than Allah. that ye desire?
87. "Then what is your idea about the Lord of the worlds?"
88. Then did he cast a glance at the Stars.
89. And he said, "I am indeed sick!"
90. So they turned away from him, and departed.
91. Then did he turn to their gods and said, "will ye not eat (of the offerings before you)?...
92. "What is the matter with you that ye speak not (intelligently)?"
93. Then did he turn upon them, striking (them) with the right hand.
94. Then came (the worshippers) with hurried steps, and faced (him).
95. He said: "Worship ye that which ye have (yourselves) carved?
96. "But Allah has created you and your handwork!"
97. They said, "Build him a furnace, and throw him into the blazing fire!"
98. (This failing), they then sought a stratagem against him, but We made them the ones most humiliated!
99. He said: "I will go to my Lord! He will surely guide me!
100. "O my Lord! Grant me a righteous (son)!"
101. So We gave him the good news of a boy ready to suffer and forbear.
102. Then, when (the son) reached (the age of) (serious) work with him, he said: "O my son! I see in vision that I offer thee in sacrifice: Now see what is thy view!" (The son) said: "O my father! Do as thou art commanded: thou will find me, if Allah so wills one practising Patience and Constancy!"
103. So when they had both submitted their wills (to Allah., and he had laid him prostrate on his forehead (for sacrifice),
104. We called out to him "O Abraham!
105. "Thou hast already fulfilled the vision!" - thus indeed do We reward those who do right.
106. For this was obviously a trial-
107. And We ransomed him with a momentous sacrifice:
108. And We left (this blessing) for him among generations (to come) in later times:
109. "Peace and salutation to Abraham!"
110. Thus indeed do We reward those who do right.
111. For he was one of our believing Servants.
112. And We gave him the good news of Isaac - a prophet,- one of the Righteous.
113. We blessed him and Isaac: but of their progeny are (some) that do right, and (some) that obviously do wrong, to their own souls.
AL QURAN 37:75-113
Surah 45. Al-Jathiyya (Crouching)
In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
1. Ha-Mim.
2. The revelation of the Book is from Allah the Exalted in Power, Full of Wisdom.
3. Verily in the heavens and the earth, are Signs for those who believe.
4. And in the creation of yourselves and the fact that animals are scattered (through the earth), are Signs for those of assured Faith.
5. And in the alternation of Night and Day, and the fact that Allah sends down Sustenance from the sky, and revives therewith the earth after its death, and in the change of the winds,- are Signs for those that are wise.
6. Such are the Signs of Allah, which We rehearse to thee in Truth; then in what exposition will they believe after (rejecting) Allah and His Signs?
7. Woe to each sinful dealer in Falsehoods:
8. He hears the Signs of Allah rehearsed to him, yet is obstinate and lofty, as if he had not heard them: then announce to him a Penalty Grievous!
9. And when he learns something of Our Signs, he takes them in jest: for such there will be a humiliating Penalty.
10. In front of them is Hell: and of no profit to them is anything they may have earned, nor any protectors they may have taken to themselves besides Allah. for them is a tremendous Penalty.
11. This is (true) Guidance and for those who reject the Signs of their Lord, is a grievous Penalty of abomination.
12. It is Allah Who has subjected the sea to you, that ships may sail through it by His command, that ye may seek of his Bounty, and that ye may be grateful.
13. And He has subjected to you, as from Him, all that is in the heavens and on earth: Behold, in that are Signs indeed for those who reflect.
14. Tell those who believe, to forgive those who do not look forward to the Days of Allah. It is for Him to recompense (for good or ill) each People according to what they have earned.
15. If any one does a righteous deed, it ensures to the benefit of his own soul; if he does evil, it works against (his own soul). In the end will ye (all) be brought back to your Lord.
16. We did aforetime grant to the Children of Israel the Book the Power of Command, and Prophethood; We gave them, for Sustenance, things good and pure; and We favoured them above the nations.
17. And We granted them Clear Signs in affairs (of Religion): it was only after knowledge had been granted to them that they fell into schisms, through insolent envy among themselves. Verily thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Judgment as to those matters in which they set up differences.
18. Then We put thee on the (right) Way of Religion: so follow thou that (Way), and follow not the desires of those who know not.
19. They will be of no use to thee in the sight of Allah. it is only Wrong-doers (that stand as) protectors, one to another: but Allah is the Protector of the Righteous.
20. These are clear evidences to men and a Guidance and Mercy to those of assured Faith.
21. What! Do those who seek after evil ways think that We shall hold them equal with those who believe and do righteous deeds,- that equal will be their life and their death? Ill is the judgment that they make.
22. Allah created the heavens and the earth for just ends, and in order that each soul may find the recompense of what it has earned, and none of them be wronged.
23. Then seest thou such a one as takes as his god his own vain desire? Allah has, knowing (him as such), left him astray, and sealed his hearing and his heart (and understanding), and put a cover on his sight. Who, then, will guide him after Allah (has withdrawn Guidance)? Will ye not then receive admonition?
24. And they say: "What is there but our life in this world? We shall die and we live, and nothing but time can destroy us." But of that they have no knowledge: they merely conjecture:
25. And when Our Clear Signs are rehearsed to them their argument is nothing but this: They say, "Bring (back) our forefathers, if what ye say is true!"
26. Say: "It is Allah Who gives you life, then gives you death; then He will gather you together for the Day of Judgment about which there is no doubt": But most men do not understand.
27. To Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and the Day that the Hour of Judgment is established,- that Day will the dealers in Falsehood perish!
28. And thou wilt see every sect bowing the knee: Every sect will be called to its Record: "This Day shall ye be recompensed for all that ye did!
29. "This Our Record speaks about you with truth: For We were wont to put on Record all that ye did."
30. Then, as to those who believed and did righteous deeds, their Lord will admit them to His Mercy that will be the achievement for all to see.
31. But as to those who rejected Allah, (to them will be said): "Were not Our Signs rehearsed to you? But ye were arrogant, and were a people given to sin!
32. "And when it was said that the promise of Allah was true, and that the Hour- there was no doubt about its (coming), ye used to say, 'We know not what is the hour: we only think it is an idea, and we have no firm assurance.'"
33. Then will appear to them the evil (fruits) of what they did, and they will be completely encircled by that which they used to mock at!
34. It will also be said: "This Day We will forget you as ye forgot the meeting of this Day of yours! and your abode is the Fire, and no helpers have ye!
35. "This, because ye used to take the Signs of Allah in jest, and the life of the world deceived you:" (From) that Day, therefore, they shall not be taken out thence, nor shall they be received into Grace.
36. Then Praise be to Allah, Lord of the heavens and Lord of the earth,- Lord and Cherisher of all the Worlds!
37. To Him be glory throughout the heavens and the earth: and He is Exalted in Power, Full of Wisdom!